What type of flow does alternating current follow?

Alternating current (AC) is characterized by its flow that changes direction periodically. This means that the electric charge in an AC circuit reverses its direction at regular intervals, typically following a sinusoidal pattern. This periodic change in direction allows AC to be transmitted over long distances more efficiently and is the standard form of electricity used in homes and businesses.

The nature of AC is crucial for various applications, such as in the operation of transformers and the generation of power in electrical grids. The frequency at which the direction changes is measured in hertz (Hz), indicating how many cycles occur in one second. In most countries, the standard frequency for household AC is either 50 or 60 Hz.

This concept is fundamental to understanding how electrical systems work and highlights the differences between alternating current and direct current (DC), which flows continuously in one direction.